Vamsi Mootha received a B.S. in Mathematical and Computational Sciences from Stanford University and an M.D. from the Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology.  After completing his Internship and Residency in Internal Medicine at Brigham and Women’s Hospital, he conducted postdoctoral research at the Whitehead Institute at MIT. He received a MacArthur Fellowship in 2004 for his contributions to mitochondrial biology.

Research Summary

Mitochondria are tiny organelles found in nearly all cells, serving as the center stage for ATP production, ion homeostasis, and apoptosis.  Their composition, density, and coupling efficiency are dynamic properties, varying across cell types and adapting to changes in energetic status during growth and differentiation.  Recent studies have implicated mitochondrial dysfunction in a variety of human diseases, including diabetes, cancer, neurodegeneration, and aging.  My group is broadly interested in characterizing the structure and dynamic properties of the biological networks underlying mitochondrial function, linking variation in these parameters to genetic variation, and exploiting the network properties of the organelle to design therapies for human disease.

To achieve these goals, we are using experimental approaches that combine classic biochemistry with the new tools of genomics.  We make chemical and genetic perturbations in cellular systems that can be systematically profiled using microarrays and tandem mass spectrometry.  We are also developing computational and statistical techniques to integrate these vast datasets with the goal of linking biological networks to measures of biochemical function.  In this manner we hope to construct predictive models of mitochondrial remodeling that can then be validated with additional rounds of perturbation.

Simultaneously, we are working in close collaboration with clinicians and geneticists to apply genome-scale profiling technologies to study human metabolic disorders.  Currently our clinical studies are focused on respiratory chain diseases and insulin resistance.  By integrating the results from our in vitro experiments with those from our human studies, we hope to uncover the biological networks that are operative in human disease.  Using this approach we recently discovered a transcriptional network mediating mitochondrial biogenesis that appears to be altered in the common form of diabetes.  The results shed insights into the pathophysiology of diabetes, and importantly, suggest a new therapeutic strategy for this very common disease.

Selected References

Shaham O. et al. (2008) Metabolic profiling of the human response to a glucose challenge reveals distinct axes of insulin sensitivity. Mol Syst Biol. Epub 2008 Aug 5.

Pagliarini D.J. et al. (2008) A mitochondrial protein compendium elucidates complex I disease biology. Cell. 134:112-23.

Wagner, B.K. et al. (2008) Large-scale chemical dissection of mitochondrial function. Nat Biotechnol. 26:343-51.

Calvo, S. et al. (2006) Systematic identification of human mitochondrial disease genes through integrative genomics. Nat Genet. 38:576-582.

Mootha, V.K. et al. (2004) Erra and Gabpa/b specify the PGC-1a-dependent transcriptional program that is altered in diabetic muscle. Proc Natl Acad Sci. U.S.A. 101:6570-5.